For mapping and any R&D, any duty cycle regulations for one’s region would still apply as usual.
The Fair Access Policy is a daily maximum of 30 seconds. As even a zero byte application payload would be fine for mapping, you could send 647 packets in SF7, with a delay of 4.6 seconds† (assuming a 1% maximum duty cycle). So, you could be mapping for almost an hour without hitting the Fair Access Policy either. Even more, it’s not enforced yet.
† Same values for 1 and 2 bytes application payloads (plus the 13 bytes header)