Ok. Now I have a better picture 
The board does not work the way you think it does. The processor on the EnviroDIY board is power by 3.3 volts. It does not accept sensor inputs in the range of 6 to 12 volts. In this regard, the board offers no advantage over the Adafruit board. As a general rule a processor cannot accept inputs that exceed their supply voltage. There are exceptions, some I/O pins may be 5 volt tolerant. It is up to you to design the specific interface logic to go between the sensor and the processor.
The secondary higher voltage circuit also does the opposite of what you think it does. It is there to produce a 5 volt supply for sensors that require 5 volts. It is up to you to provide the interface logic from the sensor to the processor to limit the voltage to the processor to 3.3 volts or to use the 5 volt tolerant I/O pins.
I often, but not always, use off-the-shelf processor modules such as the Arduino Nano, Feather boards etc, but I design a base printed circuit board to mount them on. This base board would then hold any digital conversion logic as well as any required analog conditioning & filtering.
Another possible trap is the use of the Lora Bee module. This module has an RFM95W Lora chip on it. A typical LoRa node uses a few I/O pins to configure and control the operation of the RFM95W. You need to ensure that these I/O pins required by your node software are present on header pins on the carrier connector and that these pins are connected to the processor on pins that you have available. Just because a device has a XBee type socket, it does not necessarily mean it will work with devices that have a XBEE footprint. This may be a non issue, you will need to check the schematics of the logger board and the Lora Bee module.